Ayer fui a ver una pelicula muy buena, El viaje de Chihiro, es realmente buena, y deberian verla tod el mundo.

Ojalá tenga yo una hija así que tenga esas aventuras y muchas más.

12 June 2001
I suppose I should say a few words about who I am and what on earth I'm doing up here.
My name is Bono, and I am a rock star.
Now, I tell you this, not as a boast but as a kind of confession. Because in my view the only thing worse than a rock star is a rock star with a conscience - a celebrity with a cause... oh, dear!
Worse yet, is a singer with a conscience - a placard-waving, knee-jerking, fellow-travelling activist with a Lexus, and a swimming pool shaped like his head.
I'm a singer. You know what a singer is? Someone with a hole in his heart as big as his ego. When you need 20,000 people screaming your name in order to feel good about your day, you know you're a singer.
I am a singer and a songwriter but I am also a father, four times over. I am a friend to dogs. I am a sworn enemy of the saccharine; and a believer in grace over karma. I talk too much when I'm drunk and sometimes even when I'm not.
I am not drunk right now. These are not sunglasses, these are protection.
But I must tell you. I owe more than my spoiled lifestyle to rock music. I owe my worldview. Music was like an alarm clock for me as a teenager and still keeps me from falling asleep in the comfort of my freedom.
Rock music to me is rebel music. But rebelling against what? In the Fifties it was sexual mores and double standards. In the Sixties it was the Vietnam War and racial and social inequality. What are we rebelling against now?
If I am honest I'm rebelling against my own indifference. I am rebelling against the idea that the world is the way the world is and there's not a damned thing I can do about it. So I'm trying to do some damned thing.
But fighting my indifference is my own problem. What's your problem? What's the hole in your heart? I needed the noise, the applause. You needed the grades. Why are you here in Harvard Square?
Why do you have to listen to me? What have you given up to get here? Is success your drug of choice or are you driven by another curiosity? Your potential. The potential of a given situation. Is missing the moment unacceptable to you? Is wasting inspiration a crime? It is for a musician.
If this is where we find our lives rhyme. If this is our common ground, well, then I can be inspired as well as humbled to be on this great campus. Because that's where I come from. Music.
But I've seen the other side of music - the Business. I've seen success as a drug of choice. I've seen great minds and prolific imaginations disappear up their own ass, strung out on their own self importance. I'm one of them.
The misery of having it all your own way, the loneliness of sitting at a table where everyone works for you, the emptiness of arriving at Aspen on a Gulfstream to stay in your winter palace. Eh, sorry, different speech ...
You know what I'm talking about - you've got to keep asking yourself why are you doing this? You've got to keep checking your motives.
Success for my group U2 has been a lot easier to conjure than, say ... relevance. RELEVANCE ... in the world, in the culture.
And of course, failure is not such a bad thing ... It's not a word that many of you know. I'm sure it's what you fear the most. But from an artist's point of view, failure is where you get your best material.
So fighting indifference versus making a difference. Let me tell you a few things you haven't heard about me, even on the Internet.
Let me tell you how I enrolled at Harvard and slept with an economics professor.
That's right - I became a student at Harvard recently, and came to work with Professor Jeffrey Sachs at CID - to study the lack of development in third-world economies due to the crushing weight of old debts those economies were carrying for generations.
It turns out that the normal rules of bankruptcy don't apply to sovereign states. Listen, it would be harder for you to get a student loan than it was for President Mobutu to stream billions of dollars into his Swiss bank account while his people starved on the side of the road. Two generations later, the Congolese are still paying. The debts of the fathers are now the debts of the sons and the daughters.
So I was here representing a group that believed that all such debts should be cancelled in the year 2000. We called it Jubilee 2000. A fresh start for a new millennium.
It was headed up by Anne Pettifor, based out of London - huge support from Africa. With Muhammad Ali, Sir Bob Geldof, and myself, acting at first just as mouthpieces. It was taking off. But we were way behind in the U.S.
We had the melody line, so to speak. But in order to get it on the radio over here, we needed a lot of help. My friend Bobby Shriver suggested I knock on the good professor's door. And a funny thing happened. Jeffrey Sachs not only let me into his office, he let me into his Rolodex, his head and his life for the last few years. So in a sense he let me in to your life here at Harvard.
Then Sachs and I, with my friend Bobby Shriver hit the road like some kind of surreal crossover act. A rock star, a Kennedy, and a Noted Economist crisscrossing the globe. like the Partridge Family on psychotropic drugs. With the POPE acting as our ... well .... agent. And the blessing of various Rabbis, Evangelists, mothers, unions, trade unions and PTAs.
It was a new level of "unhip" for me, but it was really cool. It was in that capacity that I slept with Jeff Sachs, each of us in our own seat on an economy flight to somewhere, passed out like a couple of drunks from sheer exhaustion.
It was confusing for everyone - I looked up with one eye to see your hero - stubble in all the wrong places ... His tie looked more like a headband. An airhostess asked if he were a member of the Grateful Dead.
I have enormous respect for Jeff Sachs but it's really true what they say. "Students shouldn't sleep with their professors..."
While I'm handing out trade secrets, I also want to tell you that Larry Summers, your incoming President, the man whose signature is on every American dollar is a nutcase - and a freak.
Look, U2 made it big out of Boston, not New York or L.A., so I thought if anyone would know about our existence it would be a Treasury Secretary from Harvard [and M.I.T.]. Alas, no. When I said I was from U2 he had a flashback from Cuba 1962.
How can I put this? And don't hold it against him - Mr. Summers is, as former President Clinton confirmed to me last week in Dublin, "culturally challenged."
But when I asked him to look up from "the numbers" to see what we were talking about, he did more than that. He did - the hardest thing of all for an Economist - he saw through the numbers.
And if it was hard for me to enlist Larry Summers in our efforts, imagine how hard it was for Larry Summers to get the rest of Washington to cough up the cash. To really make a difference for the third of the world that lives on less than a dollar a day.
He more than tried. He was passionate. He turned up in the offices of his adversaries. He turned up in restaurants with me to meet the concerns of his Republican counterparts. There is a posh restaurant in Washington they won't let us in now. Such was the heat of his debate - blood on the walls, wine in the vinegar.
If you're called up before the new President of Harvard and he gives you the hairy eyeball, drums his fingers, and generally acts disinterested it could be the beginning of a great adventure.
It's a good thing that I got invited up here before President Rudenstine hands over the throne.
Well. it's at this point that I have to ask - if your family don't do it first - why am I telling you these stories? It's certainly not because I'm running for role model.
I'm telling you these stories because all that fun I had with Jeff Sachs and Larry Summers was in the service of something deadly serious. When people around the world heard about the burden of debt that crushes the poorest countries, when they heard that for every dollar of government aid we sent to developing nations, nine dollars came back in debt service payments, when they heard all that, people got angry.
They took to the streets - in what was without doubt the largest grass roots movement since the campaign to end apartheid. Politics is, as you know, normally the art of the possible but this was something more interesting. This was becoming the art of the impossible. We had priests going into pulpits, pop stars into parliaments. The Pope put on my sunglasses.
The religious right started acting like student protesters. And finally, after a floor fight in the House of Representatives, we got the money - four three five million. That four three five - which is starting to be a lot of money - leveraged billions more from other rich countries.
So where does that money go? Well, so far, 23 of the poorest countries have managed to meet the sometimes over-stringent conditions to get their debt payments reduced - and to spend the money on the people who need it most. In Uganda, twice as many kids are now going to school. That's good. In Mozambique, debt payments are down 42 percent, allowing health spending to increase by $14 million. That's good, too. $14 million goes a long way in Mozambique.
If I could tell you about one remarkable man in rural Uganda named Dr. Kabira. In 1999, measles - a disease that's almost unheard of in the U.S. - killed hundreds of kids in Dr. Kabira's district. Now, thanks to debt relief, he's got an additional $6,000 from the state, enough for him to employ two new nurses and buy two new bicycles so they can get around the district and immunize children. Last year, measles was a killer. This year, Dr. Kabira saw less than ten cases.
I just wanted you to know what we pulled off with the help of Harvard - with the help of people like Jeffrey Sachs.
But I'm not here to brag, or to take credit, or even to share it. Why am I here? Well, again I think to just say "thanks." But also, I think I've come here to ask you for your help. This is a big problem. We need some smart people working on it. I think this will be the defining moment of our age. When the history books (that some of you will write) make a record of our times, this moment will be remembered for two things: the Internet. And the everyday holocaust that is Africa. Twenty five million HIV positives who will leave behind 40 million AIDS orphans by 2010. This is the biggest health threat since the Bubonic Plague wiped out a third of Europe.
It's an unsustainable problem for Africa and, unless we hermetically seal the continent and close our conscience. It's an unsustainable problem for the world but it's hard to make this a popular cause because it's hard to make it pop, you know? That, I guess, is what I'm trying to do. Pop is often the oxygen of politics.
Didn't John and Robert Kennedy come to Harvard? Isn't equality a son of a bitch to follow through on. Isn't "Love thy neighbour" in the global village so inconvenient? GOD writes us these lines but we have to sing them ... take them to the top of the charts, but its not what the radio is playing - is it? I know.
But we've got to follow through on our ideals or we betray something at the heart of who we are. Outside these gates, and even within them, the culture of idealism is under siege beset by materialism and narcissism and all the other "isms" of indifference. And their defense mechanism - knowingness, the smirk, the joke. Worse still, it's a marketing tool. they've got Martin Luther King selling phones now. Have you seen that?
Civil Rights in America and Europe are bound to human rights in the rest of the world. The right to live like a human. But these thoughts are expensive - they're going to cost us. Are we ready to pay the price? Is America still a great idea as well as a great country?
When I was a kid in Dublin, I watched in awe as America put a man on the moon and I thought, wow - this is mad! Nothing is impossible in America! America, they can do anything over there! Nothing was impossible only human nature and it followed because it was led.
Is that still true? Tell me it's true. It is true isn't it? And if it isn't, you of all people can make it true again.
http://www.harvardmagazine.com

catorce mil dolares.

http://www.baeditions.com/SOL%20Details/SOLUntitled-red-blue.htm

 

 





 
A Global Fund for the Fight Against AIDS 

 
by Jeffrey Sachs
April 7, 2001
Reprinted from the Washington Post
------------------------------------------------------------------------

AIDS has become the greatest killer epidemic in modern history, and it may be the worst ever by the time it comes under control. Yet, with effective treatments now available at low prices, and global attention as never before, we can actually fight the scourge and save millions of lives in the process. A few moments of thinking could change history.

The key step would be to add $1.5 billion to this year's budget targets for fighting AIDS in Africa, the epicenter of the disease. Sen. Bill Frist (R-Tenn.) has led a valiant effort this week to begin the process, sponsoring an amendment to the budget bill calling for $200 million more in fiscal year 2002 and $500 million the following year. This an important start but not yet enough. 

The needed $1.5 billion should be deposited in a global trust fund with leadership of the World Health Organization and UNAIDS, with critical scientific support of the National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and other relevant organizations. The U.S. contribution would be augmented by $3 billion from donors in Europe and Japan. The path-breaking Gates and Rockefeller foundations are also committing support to the battle. 

The money would be made available to finance increased AIDS prevention and treatment, especially anti-retroviral therapy, in the poorest and hardest-hit countries. A rough estimate is that $1.1 billion would go for treatment at the start and perhaps $3 billion for prevention and care of orphans created by them pandemic, as well as treatments other than anti-retrovirals. Another $400 million should be added for massive training and buildup of medical infrastructure.

In later years more people would come under treatment, and five years from now the total cost might rise to around $7.5 billion, with a U.S. share of perhaps $2.5 billion.

Americans would not shrink from the $5 per American that prevention and treatment would cost this year. Even if the price tag rose to $10 per American in future years, it would seem a small price to pay for keeping 5 million people alive. 

Many Americans, of course, are skeptical about the effectiveness of foreign aid. Yet in the case of disease control, and AIDS treatment in particular, America's financial help would translate into dramatic, rapid and easily observable benefits. More than 100 of my colleagues at the Harvard Medical School and the School of Public Health this week spelled out how this can be accomplished according to sound scientific, medical and public health standards. Experts such as these in national agencies and academic centers would help to ensure the success of the global effort, as opposed to the amateurism that has sometimes characterized assistance programs. 

The biggest risk is not coldheartedness on the part of the Bush administration or Congress but simple inattention as Congress and the president wrangle over our fiscal future. There is also a nagging but mistaken doubt in political circles that AIDS is just too big and costly to address. It's time for these doubts to be put to rest by the evidence.

Jeffrey Sachs is the Galen L. Stone Professor of International Trade at
Harvard's Kennedy School of Government and the director of the Center for International Development.

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Be parallel !!!!

Artist: Sabina Joaquin
Song: Cerrado Por Derribo

Este bálsamo no cura cicatrices,
esta rumbita no sabe enamorar,
este rosario de cuentas infelices
calla más de lo que dice
pero dice la verdad.
Este almacén de sábanas que no arden,
este teléfono sin contestador,
la llamaré mañana, hoy se me hizo tarde,
esta forma tan cobarde
de no decirnos que no.
Este contigo, este sin ti tan amargo,
este reloj de arena del arenal,
esta huelga de besos, este letargo,
estos pantalones largos
para el viejo Peter Pan.
Esta cómoda sin braguitas de Zara,
el tour del Soho desde un rojo autobús,
estos ojos que no miden ni comparan
ni se olvidan de tu cara
ni se acuerdan de tu cruz.
No abuses de mi inspiración,
no acuses a mi corazón
tan maltrecho y ajado
que está cerrado por derribo.
Por las arrugas de mi voz
se filtra la desolación
de saber que estos son
los últimos versos que te escribo,
para decir "condios" a los dos nos sobran los motivos.
Esta paya tan lejos de su gitano,
este penal del Puerto sin vis a vis,
esta guerra civil, este mano a mano,
estos moros y cristianos,
este muro de Berlín.
Este virus que no muere ni nos mata,
esta amnesia en el cielo del paladar,
la limusina del polvo por Manhattan,
el invierno en Mar del Plata,
los versos del Capitán.
Este hacerse mayor sin delicadeza,
esta espalda mojada de moscatel,
este valle de fábricas de tristeza,
esta espuma de certeza,
esta colmena sin miel.
Este borrón de sangre y de tinta china,
este baño sin rimmel ni nembutal,
estos huesos que vuelven de la oficina,
dentro de una gabardina
con manchas de soledad.
No abuses de mi inspiración,
no acuses a mi corazón
tan maltrecho y ajado
que está cerrado por derribo.
Por las arrugas de mi voz
se filtra la desolación
de saber que estos son
los últimos versos que te escribo,

Como el lindo gatito fracasamos invariablemente, para diversión del personal que nos mira de reojo....

Frases celebres by la perica TM

bonzo. (Del jap. bonsa). m. Monje budista. || a lo ~. loc. adv. Rociándose de líquido inflamable, y prendiéndose fuego en público, en acción de protesta o solidaridad. Se quemó a lo bonzo. U. t. c. loc. adj. Suicidio a lo bonzo.

Real Academia Española © Todos los derechos reservados

Gracias a la perica por tan hermosos regalos

Cuando esteis aburridos, podies mirar estas animations del grupo de Carlos
R Stroud de Rochester
http://www.optics.rochester.edu:8080/users/stroud/animations/

EDICIÓN IMPRESA > SOCIEDAD ESTADÍSTICA DE LA NOTICIA
Sábado, 19 de octubre de 2002
Cinco parias mueren linchados en India por la sospecha de haber matado una vaca

Las víctimas se refugiaron en la comisaría, pero la turba los apedreó y quemó sus cuerpos


AGENCIAS / E. DE B. | Nueva Delhi / Madrid

Una piel de vaca les costó la vida. Cinco intocables, la casta más baja de India, fueron linchados por una multitud de más de 2.000 personas el pasado martes en la ciudad de Jhajjar, a menos de dos horas de Nueva Delhi. Su crimen: la sospecha de que habían matado una vaca -el animal sagrado hindú- para obtener su piel. Las víctimas se dedicaban a desollar reses para vender el cuero. La multitud los siguió hasta el puesto de policía después de que se corriera la voz de que habían sacrificado al animal, los sacó de su refugio, los apedreó, les arrancó los ojos y los quemó.

El comercio con los restos de las reses muertas es una práctica habitual entre las castas más bajas de India, que contratan con las autoridades municipales la eliminación de los cuerpos de los animales a cambio de quedarse con el cuero y venderlo, según confirmaron ayer fuentes de la Embajada de India en Madrid.

De acuerdo con las versiones oficiales, el camión donde viajaban los intocables fue visto por un grupo de unas 500 personas que volvía de una fiesta en la localidad cercana de Dusshera. En la trasera del vehículo llevaban pieles de vacas que habían desollado. Cuando los caminantes llegaron a Jhajjar, 15 minutos después, denunciaron que el grupo de parias 'estaba matando una vaca'.

Dar muerte a estos animales está castigado en India por una ley especial, la Cow Slaughter Act (ley sobre el sacrificio de las vacas en inglés). Al enterarse de la noticia, acudieron a la comisaría el juez del distrito y dos sacerdotes de un templo cercano. La noticia también llegó a los dirigentes de la asociación radical hinduista Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), que comenzaron la movilización de sus partidarios.

De nada les sirvió a las cinco víctimas refugiarse en el puesto de policía. La multitud, dirigida por militantes de VHP y de la organización Shiv Sena, acudió de hasta 10 poblados cercanos para perseguir a los intocables. 'El linchamiento fue organizado', señaló una de las autoridades civiles del Estado indio de Haryana. El responsable de policía indicó que la turba se movilizó por medio de llamadas telefónicas, y que llevaba 'cuchillos, palos, piedras y espadas'. En una hora se reunieron más de 2.000 personas, una cifra que algunos periódicos elevan hasta 4.000.

'Había militantes del VHP, y también algunos elementos antisociales', afirmó el comisario del distrito, Manohar Kumar. Dos horas después la multitud consiguió sacar a los intocables del puesto de policía. 'Intentamos detenerlos, pero fuimos heridos en el proceso', se disculpaba después el magistrado. 'Yo mismo tuve que refugiarme para evitar que me mataran', añadió. Los que no tuvieron tanta suerte fueron los parias, entre los que había un niño de 11 años. Con el grito de Gau mata ki jai (¡Viva la madre vaca!), los amotinados los apedrearon, les sacaron los ojos y quemaron a dos de ellos.

Los familiares de las víctimas sostienen en cambio que fue la propia policía que encontró el cuero la que los denunció a los radicales. Según esta versión, los agentes actuaron así en venganza ante la negativa de los hombres a pagar el soborno que les exigían. También afirman que si les dejaron entrar en la comisaría no fue para protegerles, sino para retenerles hasta que llegara el grupo dispuesto a lincharles. 'El jefe de policía en funciones incluso admitió que habían matado a uno de ellos en una pelea por dinero', declaró el hermano de una de las víctimas. 'La policía dijo a la gente que iba por la carretera que los hombres eran musulmanes, y les animó a matarlos', añadió.

El dolor de los familiares ha aumentado ante lo que consideran 'una burla' de las autoridades. La policía ha abierto una investigación para encontrar a los culpables, pero todavía no se ha detenido a nadie. En cambio, ha acusado a las víctimas de violar la ley sobre el sacrificio de las vacas. Por último, el pasado jueves, el superintendente de policía de Jhajjar ordenó que se realizara la autopsia a la vaca. Con ello pretende saber si el animal estaba de verdad muerto cuando lo desollaron. 'Ello explicaría la rabia de la multitud', se justificó.

Fuentes diplomáticas indias insistieron ayer en que el linchamiento era 'algo inusitado'. 'Si no, no hubiera ocupado tanto espacio en los periódicos', declararon.

Saturday, October 19, 2002

Web-based cadaver gets 3-D update
Details of the Visible Woman will give students, others a better look at the human body.

By BYRON SPICE
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

People have been able to look at the most intimate details of the Visible Woman since the National Library of Medicine made her available on the Internet in 1995. But most have never seen her in quite the way that they can with new software released Friday.

Using software that can be downloaded from the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center, medical students, surgeons and other computer users can now view any part of the Visible Woman from virtually any angle. The interactive browser will allow users to navigate at will through her body, following the curve of her spine, if they choose, or circling her heart.

Visible Woman, like her Visible Human male counterpart, is a digital reconstruction of a cadaver that was X-rayed, scanned with CT and MRI machines, and then sliced into thin sections and photographed. The result is a giant computerized database that provides detailed views of all of her organs, bones and other body parts.

But until now, the Visible Humans could be viewed only in two-dimensional cross-sections, which didn't always make it easy to discern three-dimensional shapes and spatial relationships.

The new PSC Volume Browser, however, allows the database to be seen from any angle a viewer chooses. It also allows the user to warp the images so that curvy features such as the spine that normally wouldn't exist in a single plane can be viewed in a single image.

The tool, developed by the supercomputing center under subcontract to the University of Michigan with funding from the National Library of Medicine, is being touted as a boon for anatomy classes and for surgical planning.

"The amount of anatomy our students can learn is markedly enhanced by something like this," said Dr. Kathleen Ryan, associate director of medical education at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.

It's not something that is going to replace dissection of cadavers anytime soon, however. Dissection labs "provide a visceral understanding about structure" not yet possible with virtual computer tools. Working with human cadavers also provides an opportunity to teach students respect for the dignity of the human body, she added.

But using the new browser should improve the students' comprehension of what they see in the dissection labs, Ryan said.

Though the browser will work on many Windows PCs and Macintosh computers, Arthur Wetzel of the supercomputing center adds that most people might not want to try this without a substantial Internet connection.

EDICIÓN IMPRESA > SOCIEDAD ESTADÍSTICA DE LA NOTICIA
Martes, 22 de octubre de 2002
Elemental, querido Darwin


EE UU acepta una prueba evolutiva en un caso de contagio deliberado de sida

JAVIER SAMPEDRO | Madrid


En enero de 1995, una enfermera de Lafayette (Louisiana, EE UU) descubrió que era positiva para el virus del sida y acusó al doctor Richard Schmidt, un gastroenterólogo de la misma ciudad, de haberla contagiado cinco meses antes. El médico y la enfermera habían mantenido numerosas relaciones sexuales, pero eso no explicaba el contagio, puesto que Schmidt no era portador del virus. Según la demandante, el médico la había infectado a propósito mediante una inyección intramuscular 'durante una discusión'. Él lo negó, y la policía de Lafayette no sabía cómo seguir adelante. O el médico era inocente, o había descubierto una versión biológica del crimen perfecto.

Pero si la enfermera decía la verdad, ¿de dónde había salido el virus? La discusión entre el médico y la enfermera había tenido lugar el 4 de agosto de 1994. Curiosamente, el libro donde se anotaron las extracciones de sangre de esa fecha se había perdido. Y el detective Keith Stutes, de la oficina del fiscal del distrito, no creía en casualidades. Obtuvo del juez una orden de registro y encontró el libro en el despacho de Schmidt. Uno de los últimos nombres anotados en él era el de un paciente de sida. La sangre la había extraído Schmidt.

Con otro agente infeccioso, el paso obvio hubiera sido comparar el ADN del virus del paciente con el del virus de la enfermera. Pero la misma razón que ha impedido hasta ahora encontrar una vacuna contra el sida convertía esa estrategia policial en una vía muerta. El virus del sida evoluciona tan rápido que, incluso dentro del cuerpo del mismo paciente, hay miles de variantes en todo momento. ¿Se acabó aquí el caso del detective Stutes?

No. Stutes y su jefe, el fiscal Michael Harson, pensaron que ante un problema evolutivo lo mejor sería poner el caso en manos de un experto evolutivo, y tuvieron la suerte de dar con Michael Metzker, del departamento de Genética Molecular Humana del Baylor College of Medicine (Houston, Tejas). Metzker hizo exactamente lo que se espera de un evolucionista: tomó decenas de variantes del virus del paciente, otras tantas de la enfermera, otras 32 muestras tomadas de pacientes de la misma zona de Lafayette, y secuenció el ADN de todos. El virus, en efecto, reveló miles de variantes, pero cuando Metzker las organizó en un árbol genealógico -como hubiera hecho con las distintas especies de primates para deducir su historia evolutiva-, pudo demostrar con claridad que las variantes de la enfermera habían evolucionado a partir de un subconjunto de las variantes del paciente de Schmidt. La prueba es muy similar a la que demuestra que la humanidad actual se diversificó a partir de una pequeña población africana.

Las evidencias darwinianas de Metzker han resistido las apelaciones ante el Tribunal Superior del Estado de Louisiana (hace dos años) y el Tribunal Supremo de Estados Unidos (el pasado 4 de marzo), por lo que constituyen ya un sólido precedente jurídico. Los detalles técnicos se publicaron ayer en Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (edición electrónica). 'Es irónico', escribe Metzker, 'que este caso se originara en Louisiana, un Estado que en 1982 aprobó una ley para que el creacionismo se enseñara en las escuelas junto al darwinismo'. Esa ley fue declarada inconstitucional en 1987 por el Tribunal Supremo. Mala suerte para Schmidt.